Health Library

Periods & Menstrual Cycle

Evidence-informed guides about periods, ovulation, fertility and women's health.

8 articles

Brown Spotting Before Your Period: What It Means

Brown spotting before a period is often normal, caused by old blood or hormonal shifts. Learn the common causes and the signs that warrant a doctor visit.

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025 min read

How Long Should a Period Last?

Period length typically ranges from three to seven days. Learn what counts as normal duration, what affects it, and when a period lasting too long or too short needs attention.

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035 min read

Why Is My Period Late? Common Causes Explained

A late period can result from stress, weight changes, illness, or pregnancy. Learn the most common causes and when a delay warrants medical attention.

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045 min read

Period Blood Colors: What Each One Means

Period blood color changes throughout a cycle and can signal different things. Learn what each shade typically means and when a color change is worth mentioning to a doctor.

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055 min read

Menstrual Cycle Phases Explained

A detailed breakdown of the four menstrual cycle phases, the hormonal shifts behind each one, and how they affect energy, mood, and fertility.

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065 min read

What Is a Menstrual Cycle? A Complete Guide

A clear explanation of the menstrual cycle, its four phases, typical length, the hormones involved, and how the process supports fertility.

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075 min read

Tranexamic Acid for Heavy Periods: What to Know

Tranexamic acid is a prescription treatment for heavy menstrual bleeding. Learn how it works, its effectiveness, side effects, and who is a good candidate.

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085 min read

How to Get Rid of Period Cramps: What Actually Works

A review of methods for relieving period cramps, ranked by evidence, including medication, heat therapy, exercise, and when cramps signal a larger problem.

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