Menopause is the point when menstrual periods permanently stop because the ovaries no longer release eggs regularly.
Natural menopause is confirmed after 12 consecutive months without a menstrual period, when there is no other explanation for the absence of periods.
The stage before menopause is called perimenopause. The period after menopause is called postmenopause.
When Does Menopause Usually Happen?
There is no exact age when everyone reaches menopause.
Natural menopause most commonly happens during midlife, but the timing varies from person to person. Medical treatments, surgery and some health conditions can also cause periods to stop earlier.
How Do You Know You Have Reached Menopause?
For people who are not using hormonal contraception that affects bleeding, going 12 consecutive months without a period is an important part of confirming menopause.
Hormonal contraception can make bleeding patterns more difficult to interpret. If you are unsure whether you have reached menopause, speak with a healthcare professional.
Common Changes Around Menopause
Changing hormone levels can cause symptoms such as
• Hot flushes
• Night sweats
• Sleep problems
• Mood changes
• Vaginal dryness
• Changes in sexual desire
• Urinary symptoms
Not everyone experiences the same symptoms.
Can You Still Get Pregnant During Perimenopause?
Yes. Pregnancy is still possible during perimenopause because ovulation can happen even when periods have become irregular.
Once menopause has been reached, natural ovulation no longer occurs. If you do not want to become pregnant, contraception may still be necessary during the transition.
What Happens After Menopause?
The years after menopause are known as postmenopause.
Some symptoms may continue for a while, while others become less noticeable. Long-term health also becomes important, including bone health and cardiovascular health.
Regular physical activity, a balanced diet and appropriate healthcare can support overall health during this stage.
FAQ
Is menopause the same as perimenopause?
No. Perimenopause is the transition leading up to menopause. Menopause is confirmed after 12 months without a period.
Can menopause happen suddenly?
It can seem sudden when periods stop, but natural menopause usually follows a period of hormonal and menstrual changes.
Is bleeding after menopause normal?
Vaginal bleeding after menopause should be assessed by a healthcare professional.