Endometriosis is a condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus.
It can cause inflammation and pain and may affect organs within the pelvis.
Endometriosis can occur during the teenage years as well as adulthood.
Common Symptoms of Endometriosis
Period pain is one of the most common symptoms.
Other symptoms may include
• Pelvic pain
• Pain during or after sex
• Painful bowel movements
• Painful urination around periods
• Heavy menstrual bleeding
• Fatigue
• Difficulty becoming pregnant
Severe period pain that regularly interferes with everyday life should not simply be accepted as normal.
Why Can Endometriosis Cause Pain?
The tissue involved in endometriosis responds to hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle.
Inflammation and irritation can contribute to pain.
Importantly, the severity of pain does not always match the amount of endometriosis present.
How Is Endometriosis Diagnosed?
Diagnosis usually starts with a detailed discussion of symptoms and medical history.
A healthcare professional may perform an examination and recommend imaging such as an ultrasound.
Imaging can help identify certain types of endometriosis, but normal imaging does not always rule it out.
Some people may need referral to a specialist for further assessment.
Endometriosis and Fertility
Endometriosis can affect fertility for some people.
However, having endometriosis does not mean that pregnancy is impossible.
If you are trying to conceive and experience severe period pain, pelvic pain or pain during sex, tell your healthcare professional.
Treatment and Support
Treatment depends on your symptoms, age, fertility plans and personal preferences.
Possible approaches include pain relief, hormonal treatment and surgery in selected cases.
There is no single treatment that works for everyone.
Tracking your period dates, pain and other symptoms can provide useful information during a medical appointment.
FAQ
Is severe period pain normal?
Some period discomfort can be normal, but pain that repeatedly prevents normal activities should be assessed.
Can endometriosis cause infertility?
It can affect fertility in some people, but many people with endometriosis become pregnant.
Can an app diagnose endometriosis?
No. An app can help you track symptoms, but diagnosis requires medical assessment.